SB243 – Companion Chatbots

CALawState

Date Passed

10/13/2025

Effective Date

1/1/2026

Summary

Requires conditional AI disclosure, published suicide/self-harm safeguards, and annual reporting beginning July 1, 2027. SB1119 removes the original minor-specific subsection effective January 1, 2027 and introduces a separate phased child-safety framework.

Healthcare Implications

Operators of covered companion platforms must maintain crisis safeguards and reporting. Applicability depends on the statutory companion-chatbot definition, not merely use of AI in health care.

Operational Implications

  • Disclose nonhuman identity when a reasonable user could be misled into believing the companion is human.
  • Maintain and publish protocols addressing suicidal ideation and self-harm, including crisis referrals.
  • Original provisions cover known minors: AI disclosure, three-hour reminders, and explicit-content safeguards; SB1119 deletes this subsection effective January 1, 2027.
  • Report referral counts, protocols, and suicide-prevention measures annually to the Office of Suicide Prevention beginning July 1, 2027, without personal identifiers.

Impact Level

High

Keywords

Safety & Risk; Transparency & Governance

Stakeholders

Patients & Public; Developers & Vendors; Regulators & Government